Person: Elkhatib, Walid F.
Elkhatib, Walid F.
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ORCID
0000-0001-5815-3200
SCOPUS
56593725900
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Walid F. Elkhatib
Last Name
Elkhatib
First Name
Walid F.
Main Affiliation
Galala University
Job Title
Professor Head of Microbiology Departmen
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Now showing 1 - 10 of 12
- PublicationOpen AccessAnti-SARS-CoV-2 activities of tanshinone IIA, carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid, baicalein, and glycyrrhetinic acid between computational and insights.(Royal society of chemistry, 2021-09-01T00:00:00Z) Elebeedy, Dalia; Kandeil, Ahmed; Ghanem, Aml; Kutkat, Omnia; Alnajjar, Radwan; Saleh, Marwa A.; Abd El Maksoud, Ahmed I.; Badawy, Ingy; Al-Karmalawy, Ahmed A.; Elkhatib, Walid F.Six compounds namely, tanshinone IIA (1), carnosic acid (2), rosmarinic acid (3), salvianolic acid B (4), baicalein (5), and glycyrrhetinic acid (6) were screened for their anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities against both the spike (S) and main protease (Mpro) receptors using molecular docking studies. Molecular docking recommended the superior affinities of both salvianolic acid B (4) and glycyrrhetinic acid (6) as the common results from the previously published computational articles. On the other hand, their actual anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities were tested using plaque reduction assay to calculate their IC values after measuring their CC values using MTT assay on Vero E6 cells. Surprisingly, tanshinone IIA (1) was the most promising member with IC equals 4.08 ng μl. Also, both carnosic acid (2) and rosmarinic acid (3) showed promising IC values of 15.37 and 25.47 ng μl, respectively. However, salvianolic acid (4) showed a weak anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity with an IC value equals 58.29 ng μl. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations for 100 ns were performed for the most active compound from the computational point of view (salvianolic acid 4), besides, the most active one biologically (tanshinone IIA 1) on both the S and Mpro complexes of them (four different molecular dynamics processes) to confirm the docking results and give more insights regarding the stability of both compounds inside the SARS-CoV-2 mentioned receptors, respectively. Also, to understand the mechanism of action for the tested compounds towards SARS-CoV-2 inhibition it was necessary to examine the mode of action for the most two promising compounds, tanshinone IIA (1) and carnosic acid (2). Both compounds (1 and 2) showed very promising virucidal activity with a most prominent inhibitory effect on viral adsorption rather than its replication. This recommended the predicted activity of the two compounds against the S protein of SARS-CoV-2 rather than its Mpro protein. Our results could be very promising to rearrange the previously mentioned compounds based on their actual inhibitory activities towards SARS-CoV-2 and to search for the reasons behind the great differences between their and results against SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we recommend further advanced preclinical and clinical studies especially for tanshinone IIA (1) to be rapidly applied in COVID-19 management either alone or in combination with carnosic acid (2), rosmarinic acid (3), and/or salvianolic acid (4).
- PublicationOpen AccessThe antibacterial effect and the incidence of post-operative pain after the application of nano-based intracanal medications during endodontic retreatment: a randomized controlled clinical trial(Springer Nature, 2022-02-01) Fahim, Mahmoud M.; Saber, Shehab Eldin Mohamed; Nagy , Mohamed Mokhtar; Schafer, Edgar; Elkhatib, Walid F.Objective: This clinical trial aimed to evaluate the effect of nano-silver and nano-calcium hydroxide intracanal medicaments (ICM) during retreatment regarding their antibacterial effect and their effect on post-operative pain and flare-ups. Materials and methods: Sixty-nine patients scheduled for endodontic retreatment were included in this randomized clinical trial and randomly allocated to 3 equal groups (n = 23) according to the type of ICM used. The first microbial sampling (S1) representing the original microbiota was obtained after the removal of the old canal filling. After chemo-mechanical debridement, another sample (S2) was obtained representing the microbial state before ICM application. Patients were randomly allocated to receive either nano-silver (nano-Ag), nano-calcium hydroxide (nano-CH), or calcium hydroxide (CH) as ICM. Patients rated their pain pre-operatively and then after 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. During the second visit (7 days later), the last microbial sample (S3) was obtained after removal of the ICM. Reduction of total bacterial and total E. faecalis counts and the biofilm-forming capability of the existing microbiota were determined. Results: Results showed reduction in total bacterial count, total E. faecalis count and the biofilm-forming,capability of the existing microbiota after chemo-mechanical debridement (S1-S2) and after the application of ICM (S3-S2). However, the reduction after cleaning and shaping was significantly more pronounced (p < 0.001) compared to the effect of ICM application, with no difference between the 3 ICM (p > 0.05). Post-operative pain was significantly reduced at the 48- and 72-h intervals after the application of nano-Ag and nano-CH only (p < 0.001), with no significant difference between these two ICM (p > 0.05). The incidence of flare-ups in all groups was similar (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The antibacterial effect of the nano-Ag and nano-CH was equivalent to that of CH, but they contributed to better pain control.
- PublicationOpen AccessGlobal dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 clades and their relation to COVID-19 epidemiology(Springer Nature, 2021-04-19) Hamed, Samira M.; Khairalla, Ahmed S.; Noreddin , Ayman M.; Elkhatib, Walid F.Expansion of COVID-19 worldwide increases interest in unraveling genomic variations of novel SARS-CoV-2 virus. Metadata of 408,493 SARS-CoV-2 genomes submitted to GISAID database were analyzed with respect to genomic clades and their geographic, age, and gender distributions. Of the currently known SARS-CoV-2 clades, clade GR was the most prevalent worldwide followed by GV then GH. Chronological analysis revealed expansion in SARS-CoV-2 clades carrying D614G mutations with the predominance of the newest clade, GV, in the last three months. D614G clades prevail in countries with more COVID-19 cases. Of them, the clades GH and GR were more frequently recovered from severe or deceased COVID-19 cases. In contrast, G and GV clades showed a significantly higher prevalence among asymptomatic patients or those with mild disease. Metadata analysis showed higher (p < 0.05) prevalence of severe/deceased cases among males than females and predominance of GR clade in female patients. Furthermore, severe disease/death was more prevalent (p < 0.05) in elderly than in adults/children. Higher prevalence of the GV clade in children compared to other age groups was also evident. These findings uniquely provide a statistical evidence on the adaptation-driven evolution of SARS-CoV-2 leading to altered infectivity, virulence, and mortality.
- PublicationOpen AccessAntibiofilm activity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles against biofilm associated enterococcal urinary pathogens(Springer Nature, 2022-03-09) Swidan, Nada S.; Hashem, Yomna A.; Yassien, Mahmoud A.; Elkhatib, Walid F.Abstract: Biofilm-formed enterococcal urinary tract clinical isolates (n = 92) were used for studying the antibiofilm activity of cinnamon, ginger, and chemical AgNPs. The average particle sizes of cinnamon, ginger, and chemical AgNPs were 8.7, 41.98, and 55.7 nm, respectively. The results of Fourier transform infrared analysis revealed that phytocompounds, such as cinnamaldehyde and gingerol, were the main compounds incorporated in the synthesis of cinnamon and ginger AgNPs, respectively. The purity and crystalline nature of the AgNPs have been confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray and X-ray Diffraction analysis. The results of antimicrobial activity showed that MIC of ginger, cinnamon, and chemical AgNPs were 37.64, 725.7, and 61.08 μg/ml, respectively. On studying the antibiofilm activity of AgNPs at sub-MIC values (1/2, 1/4, and 1/8 MIC), the results revealed that it was concentration dependent. Therefore, further studies were carried out to evaluate the antibiofilm activity of AgNPs at a concentration of 18 μg/ml. The results showed that ginger and chemical AgNPs reduced the formed biofilm to 39.14% and 65.32% and the number of adherent cells on the urinary catheter surface to 42.73% and 69.84%, respectively, as compared to that of the control, while cinnamon AgNPs showed no significant activity. Accordingly, ginger AgNPs had the most potent antibacterial and antiadherent activity against biofilm-associated enterococcal isolates.
- PublicationOpen AccessArchitecturally safe and healthy classrooms: eco-medical concept to achieve sustainability in light of COVID-19 global pandemic(Taylor & Francis Group, 2021-01-01) Saeed, Doha M.; Selim, Ahmed M.; Elkhatib, Walid F.In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially announced the COVID-19 outbreak as a global pandemic. With this announcement, the world is facing a major challenge. This research commenced as an initiative to conceptualize internal architectural space design to cope with epidemics, to ensure an architectural anti-virus environment. In fact, architectural spaces with high occupancy loads are considered a fertile environment for the spread of this virus. This study discusses classrooms as one of those patterns with high densities for a significant reason; previous studies have revealed that pupils between the ages of 5 to 18 years may be carriers of the infection, but without symptoms; therefore, this category is considered a major source of transmitting the infection to their families and society. Accordingly, this research will address the most important standards, and design norms for these spaces using an electronic questionnaire and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, to achieve two objectives: first, a healthy classroom to reduce the COVID-19 infection among pupils to promote both wellbeing and performance of users, and second, a sustainable classroom from architecture, HVAC, and a medical point of view. In addition, four alternative classroom designs were proposed based on the interpretive results from the questionnaire and simulation.
- PublicationOpen AccessIn vivo evaluation of a recombinant N-acylhomoserine lactonase formulated in a hydrogel using a murine model infected with MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate, CCASUP2(Springer, 2021-07-27) Sakr, Masarra M.; Aboshanab, Khaled M.; Mantawy, Eman M.; Yassien, Mahmoud A.; Hassouna, Nadia A.; Elkhatib, Walid F.Failure in the treatment of P. aeruginosa, due to its broad spectrum of resistance, has been associated with increased patient mortality. One alternative approach for infection control is quorum quenching which was found to decrease virulence of such pathogen. In this study, the efficiency of a recombinant Ahl-1 lactonase formulated as a hydrogel was investigated to control the infection of multidrug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa infected burn using a murine model. The recombinant N-acylhomoserine lactonase (Ahl-1) was formulated as a hydrogel. To test its ability to control the infection of MDR P. aeruginosa, a thermal injury model was used. Survival rate, and systemic spread of the infection were evaluated. Histopathological examination of the animal dorsal skin was also done for monitoring the healing and cellular changes at the site of infection. Survival rate in the treated group was 100% relative to 40% in the control group. A decrease of up to 3 logs of bacterial count in the blood samples of the treated animals relative to the control group and a decrease of up to 4 logs and 2.3 logs of bacteria in lung and liver samples, respectively were observed. Histopathological examination revealed more enhanced healing process in the treated group. Accordingly, by promoting healing of infected MDR P. aeruginosa burn and by reducing systemic spread of the infection as well as decreasing mortality rate, Ahl-1 hydrogel application is a promising strategy that can be used to combat and control P. aeruginosa burn infections.
- PublicationOpen AccessThe Role of MRI Pancreatic Protocol in Assessing Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy for Patients With Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer(Frontiers, 2022-01-13) Hussien, Nervana; Hussien, Rasha S.; Saad, Darine Helmy Amin; El Kassas, Mohamed; Mai Ezz El Din; Elkhatib, Walid F.Background: Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer (BRPC) remains a unique entity that is difficult to categorize due to variance in definitions and the small number of patients. The ultimate goal is to achieve a free resection (R0) after a favorable response to neoadjuvant therapy that is somewhat difficult to assess by current radiological parameters. Aim: To evaluate the role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) pancreatic protocol, including Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI), in patients with BRPC receiving neoadjuvant therapy, and further compare it to RECIST criteria and outcome. Methods: Histologically confirmed BRPC patients were prospectively included. DWI-MRI was performed pre- and post-therapy. Clinical characteristics with ensuing operability were recorded and correlated to radiological RECIST/apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) change, preoperative therapy administrated, surgical resection status, and survival. Results: Out of 30 BRPC cases, only 11 (36.7%) ultimately underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy. Attaining a stationary or stable disease via ADC/RECIST was achieved in the majority of cases (60%/53.3% respectively). Of the 12 patients (40%) who achieved a regression by ADC, 11 underwent surgery with an R0 status. These surgical cases showed variable RECIST responses (PR=5, SD=4, PD=3). Responders by ADC to neoadjuvant therapy were significantly associated to presenting with abdominal pain (p =0.07), a decline in post-therapy CA19-9 (p<0.001), going through surgery (p<0.001), and even achieving better survival (p<0.001 vs. 0.66). Conclusion: DWI-MRI ADC picked up patients most likely to undergo a successful operative procedure better than traditional RECIST criteria. An algorithm incorporating novel radiological advances with CA19-9 deserves further assessment in future studies.
- PublicationOpen AccessClinical characteristics of Egyptian male patients with COVID‐19 acute respiratory distress syndrome(Plos, 2021-04-16) Doghish, Ahmed S.; Hassan, Essam A.; Elkhateeb, Ahmed F.; Mahmoud, Eman E.; Ahmed, Mona I.; Khalil, Mahmoud A. F.; Elkhatib, Walid F.; Raffaele SerraBackground: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and in severe cases associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
- PublicationOpen AccessMultidrug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Biofilms: Evaluation of Phenotypic–Genotypic Association and Susceptibility to Cinnamic and Gallic Acids(Frontiers Media, 2021-09-17) Sherif, Mahmoud M.; Khalaf, Wafaa S.; Elleboudy, Nooran Sherif; Abdelaziz, Neveen A.; Elkhatib, Walid F.Acinetobacter baumannii armed with multidrug resistance (MDR) and biofilm-forming ability is increasingly recognized as an alarming pathogen. A deeper comprehension of the correlation between these two armories is required in circumventing its infections. This study examined the biofilm-forming ability of the isolates by crystal violet staining and the antibiotic susceptibility by broth microdilution method. The genetic basis of the MDR and biofilm-forming phenotypes was screened by polymerase chain reaction. The antimicrobial activities of cinnamic and gallic acids against planktonic cells and biofilms of A. baumannii were investigated, and the findings were confirmed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Among 90 A. baumannii isolates, 69 (76.6%) were MDR, and all were biofilm formers; they were classified into weak (12.2%), moderate (53.3%), and strong (34.5%) biofilm formers. Our results underlined a significant association between MDR and enhanced biofilm formation. Genotypically, the presence of blaVIM and blaOXA–23 genes along with biofilm-related genes (ompA, bap, and csuE) was statistically associated with the biofilm-forming abilities. Impressively, both gallic and cinnamic acids could significantly reduce the MDR A. baumannii biofilms with variable degrees dependent on the phenotype–genotype characteristics of the tested isolates. The current findings may possess future therapeutic impact through augmenting antimicrobial arsenal against life-threatening infections with MDR A. baumannii biofilms.
- PublicationOpen AccessNanobiotic formulations as promising advances for combating MRSA resistance: susceptibilities and post-antibiotic effects of clindamycin, doxycycline, and linezolid(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2021-12-13) Mohamed, Mennatallah A.; Nasr, Maha; Eltayeb, Wafaa N.; Elshamy, Aliaa A.; Elkhatib, Walid F.; El-Sayyad, Gharieb SaiedAntimicrobial activity and post-antibiotic effects (PAEs) are both important parameters in determination of the dosage regimen of antimicrobial agents. In the present study, antimicrobial activity and PAEs of clindamycin, doxycycline, linezolid, and their nanobiotic formulations were evaluated against two methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates (MRSA) encoded (MRSA-S1 and MRSA-S2). Nanobiotic formulations increased the susceptibility of MRSA isolates by 4–64 folds as compared to their conventional ones. The PAE values were determined after exposure of MRSA isolates for 1 h to 10× the MICs of the tested antibiotics. The duration of PAEs were recorded after bacterial growth in Mueller Hinton broth (MHB) free from antibiotic has been restored. The PAE values for MRSA-S1 were 2.5 h for the conventional antibiotics. However, the PAEs for nanobiotics were 4 h for both clindamycin and linezolid, while 3 h for doxycycline. For MRSA-S2, linezolid and linezolid nanobiotics PAEs were 3 h. PAEs of clindamycin and clindamycin nanobiotics were 3.75 h and 4 h, respectively. Doxycycline and doxycycline nanobiotics revealed the same PAEs patterns of 3.5 h. The findings of the current study may positively influence the pharmacodynamics of the antibiotics and consequently the dosage regimen of nanobiotics as well as on their clinical outcome.